Page 100 - ingilizce

Renewable Energy Legislation and Incentives: Greece has made substantial advancements

in renewable energy (RES), holding a global rank for its use in gross final energy consumption.
Laws such as 4685/2020, 4951/2022, and 4414/2016 regulate the development and operation

of RES projects, aiming to simplify and accelerate the permit-granting process. These laws
support the transition to a low-carbon economy, in line with EU guidelines and national goals

for climate neutrality and reducing dependency on fossil fuels. Incentive programs for energy
upgrading and self-production, such as the installation of rooftop PV systems and net-metering,

are promoted to increase RES penetration and support citizens becoming "prosumers".

This legislative and regulatory framework forms the basis of Greece's national efforts to
promote sustainable environmental practices, including vermicomposting, by fostering a

supportive context for renewable energy and environmental protection. These initiatives are
integral to achieving broader sustainability goals, enhancing the legal and operational

environment for vermicomposting projects by emphasizing renewable energy use,

environmental conservation, and participatory governance.

15.4. Holland

The legal framework generally highlights issues such as the categorisation of vermicompost,

the status of worms used in the composting process, and the complex interplay between

different legal frameworks like waste, environmental, and agricultural regulations. Specific
regulations include the Waste and Environment Legislation, Regulation on Animal By-

products, Feed Regulation, Fertilizers Law, Animal Law, and Environmental Law. The
challenges in integrating vermicomposting into existing legal frameworks emphasise the need

for clarity and possible adjustments in legislation to support this sustainable waste management
practice. The Ministry of Agriculture, Nature and Fisheries, including the Agro Desk and the

Dutch Food and Consumer Product Safety Authority, for their knowledge of the legal

frameworks in this case.

15.4.1. Dutch national laws and regulations on vermicomposting

Waste and Environmental Legislation (Wet Milieubeheer): In the Netherlands, organic waste
processing, including vermicomposting, must comply with strict waste management laws.

These laws aim to reduce landfill use and encourage recycling. They impact the categorisation
and handling of organic waste for vermicomposting and dictate how organic waste should be

collected, treated, and processed.

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