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16.9.2. Copper Excess

Toxicity: Excess copper can cause toxicity to plants. High copper levels can cause spotting,

burns, and drying of leaves.

It may inhibit the absorption of other nutrients: Copper excess can lead to mineral imbalances
in plants by inhibiting the absorption and transport of other nutrients (such as Fe).

16.10. Zinc

Zinc is one of the micronutrients required in trace amounts for plants and has several important

functions in plants [104]. The main functions of zinc are as follows:

Enzyme Activation: Zinc plays an important role in the structure and activation of many

enzymes in plants.

Hormone Regulation: Zinc plays an important role in the regulation of some hormones in plants.

It regulates auxin hormone concentration.

Protein Synthesis: Zinc plays an important role in protein synthesis in plants.

Chlorophyll Synthesis: Zinc is present in the structure of chlorophyll molecules in plants and is

an important component in chlorophyll synthesis.

Cell division promotes shoot elongation. It provides flower eye formation and proper

development of fruits.

16.10.1. Zinc Deficiency

Chlorosis (leaf yellowing): Zinc deficiency, chlorosis (yellowish green) can be seen in the

leaves of plants. Intermediate veins of leaves and young leaves are affected. If the deficiency
progresses, the leaves turn white.

Short, Curled, and Narrow Leaves: Zinc deficiency can cause leaves to be shorter, curled, and
narrower than normal in plants.

Problems in Root Development: Zinc deficiency can negatively affect the root development of
plants and prevent healthy root growth.

16.10.2. Zinc Excess

Toxicity: Excess zinc can cause toxicity in plants. High zinc levels can cause spotting, burns
and drying of leaves.

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